Abstract: The issue of waterproofing in tunnels represents one of the key challenges of modern underground construction. The continuous action of groundwater and rock water requires systemic solutions that ensure long‑term protection of the structure and stability of the facility throughout its service life. In this context, waterproofing systems are not regarded merely as an additional protective layer, but rather as an integral component of the tunnel structure. Their efficiency depends on the interconnection of design requirements, proper substrate preparation, and technical execution in accordance with applicable standards. Particular importance is given to the role of waterproofing in preserving the mechanical and durability properties of the final concrete lining, as well as in reducing the risk of structural degradation caused by the long‑term effects of aggressive groundwater.

Keywords: waterproofing membrane, geotextile, drainage system, tunnel, primary support, secondary lining, membrane welding, quality control

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